
First SDG Gender Index
Case Studies and Introduction Templates |
Child Stunting = 38% (2 in 5) — highest in the world (>50%) Child Undernourishment = 1 in 3 undernourished children of the world, live in India Child Underweight = 1 in 5 children are underweight
जहाँ रहेगा वहीं रौशनी लुटाएगा किसी चराग़ का अपना मकाँ नहीं होता! |
- National Database on Sexual Abuse — starting from 2005 — better insight and surveillance
- Sustainable Development Goal (SDG-5) — Gender Equality | Women Empowerment
- Children under 15 at serious risk for air pollution — WHO | 93% of the 1.8 billion children breath polluted air
DIMENSIONS
- Protection | Safety of women
- Sanitisation — ODF villages and Toilets @schools
- Sexual Harassment @Workplace Act, 2013
- The Nirbhaya Fund for women safety (only 20% used by states until 2018)
- 33% reservations in police force for women is being implemented
- Female Infanticide
- Falling Sex ratio of India — from 906 to 898 from 2012-14 to 2014-16. — latest data from NITI Aayog
- Senior Citizenship — Old Age Problems
- Insurance Scheme relaxation
- Vyay Vandana Yojana
- Union Budget 2018 relaxations
- Widowhood
- Feminisation of Widowhood
- Mindset and social stigma attached
- Government Initiatives | Vrindavan, Mathura
- Education — Literacy Rate — 65% (women) | 80% (men) | Overall 74% | Govt. Schemes
- Right to Education
- UDAN scheme for admission to engineering colleges
- No exam fees and other expenses in Govt Institutes | Fees relaxation in colleges
- BBBP — tri-ministerial effort
WCD, Health & Family Welfare, HRD
- Health and Longevity — Women 69 yrs | Men 67 yrs
- 1951 — life expectancy was mere 31.7 years (big improvement)
- NHPS
- Regular checkups @9th of every month
- Ujjwala Yojana — free LPG connection (5 crore connection)
- Motherhood
- Pregnant women help through various schemes | more institutional delivery of babies
- Maternity Benefit Act — amended to 26 weeks leave | government incentivising the private sector to comply with this Act — budgetary provision of Rs. 400 crore incentives!
- PM Matru Vandana Yojana (PMMVY) — for unorganised sector women | Rs. 6000 incentive
- MMR — 130/lakh (22% reduction) | MDG target met
- Abortion rights to women
- Violence | Domestic and otherwise
- Domestic Violence Act, 2005
More than 55% of the women homicides were done by the person known to them, mostly family members.
6/hr = women being killed by people they know
- A.21 Freedom — Marriage and otherwise
- Hadiya Judgement
- Triple Talaq
- Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006
- Women in Politics
- A steady increase — 46% of our panchayat members are women (1.3 million+) | 1951 — only 45 women contested LS elections while in 2014 — 668 women did so
- 17th LS — Maximum number of women MPs elected ever.
- Cabinet – 22% | LS – 12% (1st LS — 4.5%) (less than global average of 23%)
- Women Nutrition
- Anaemic ~ 50% adult women
- MGNREGA and Banning of Liquor in Bihar — positive result with increasing disposable income
- Mid-day meal scheme for girls
- Ration Card — Women head
- Women Employment | Entrepreneurship | Safety
- Every 4th worker in India is a woman.
- Every 5th women is an entrepreneur — both in urban and rural India
- 1/3rd of engineers are women | 3/4th of all health workers @PHC are women
- PM Mudra Yojana — 75% of the loans have been given to women (~10 crore women beneficiaries)
- Over 5 lakh women directors are now appointed in companies — highest ever
- Standup India and Start-up India
- NITI Aayog’s Women Entrepreneurship Platform (WEP)
- Skill India | PM Kaushal Vikas Yojana
- Sexual Harassment @Workplace Act, 2013
- The Nirbhaya Fund for women safety
- 33% reservations in police force for women is being implemented
- One-stop Centres, Women Helpline numbers, Online complaint systems etc
- Financial Inclusion
- PM Jan Dhan Yojana — 16.5 crore women accounts under Jan Dhan
- Women’s share in total saving accounts increased from 28% (2014) to 40% (2017) — demonetisation also!
- Gender Budgeting Scheme @centre and @states
- DBT
- Sukanya Samriddhi Scheme (small deposits with high interest; can be withdrawn by girl @18yrs)
- Rashtriya Mahila Kosh (RMK) — micro-credit facilities | income generating activities Finance & Development Corporation
- e-KYC and banking reforms — @doorstep services for the 110 most backward districts
- Women and Agriculture
- Feminisation of Agriculture (around 30%) (all the related problems, see Agriculture)
- Difficult to operate machinery — affecting the productivity
- Loan interest rates subvention
- Land in the name of women | inheritance right
- Female Labour Force Participation
- One of the world’s lowest ~ 23.4% (down from 26% | Target to up this number to 30% by 2025)
- With greater participation of women in the labour force, it predicts that India’s GDP would rise by 1.4 per cent.
- Sexual Abuse and counter measures — 2013 Act
- Gender Sensitive jobs creation
- Working women Hostels
- National Creche Scheme — daycare to children from 6 months to 6 years
- Social Stigma and Mindset, especially in the rural areas
- India ranks 120/131 in women participation rate index
- Legal Rights | A.35A | Marital Rape | Adultery | Dowry | Inheritance
- Judicial Intervention — Vishakha Judgement 1997
- Poor diversity @judiciary in terms of women judges | 42 years to get the first woman judge
- Adultery struck down by SC
- Entry @sabarimala allowed by SC
- Technology and Women
- CPGRAMS — grievance redressal
- Online FIR
- One-Stop Centre
- Smartphones | GPS | Panic Buttons
- Interconnectivity
- Vulnerable Women | Tribal Women—
- Nai Roshni Scheme
- There is a constant increment in sex ratio among tribal community
- Literacy rate is pretty low compared to national avg (49% w.r.t 73%)
- MoTA — Eklavya Model Residential Schools — quality education in friendly atmosphere
- Aadiwasi Mahila Shashaktikaran Yojana
- FRA 2006 — provides full and unrestricted participation of women at all levels
- Urban-Rural Divide
- Women in Sports
- Commonwealth Games
- Asian Games
- Saina Nehwal (#1) | Sania Mirza (#1 doubles) | PV Sindhu | Hima Das | Phagot Sisters | Mary Kom etc
- Women Cricket — amazing performance by our team consecutively year after year | 2017 WCW India lost final
PROTECTION
- Empowerment and protection are equally important and intrinsically linked — both are important for each other.
- Create a enabling environment for women — No society can capitalise on its potential of development without including women as a factor in development.
- Ujjwala Scheme — prevention of trafficking, rescue, rehab, reintegration and repatriation for victims of sexual exploitation
Mindsets — the biggest hurdle
- BBBP — successful initiative
- Gender Champions for students to build understanding of genders and gender sensitisation
Crime and Reporting
- One-stop Centres — Psychological, Police, Medical, Legal assistance for women — SAKHI Portal
- Toll-free helpline numbers for Women and Children
- Reservation (33%) in Police force for women — making police more approachable for women and responsive to gender sensitive cases (Kathua).
- POCSO e-Box — Sexual Abuse and Crime
Legal Framework
- Trafficking of Persons Bill, 2018 — National, State and District level
- Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006 — National, State and District level
- Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace Act, 2013
- Training and informative programmes through media, newspaper, ads etc — publicity and awareness
- Triple Talaq Act, 2019
- Online portal — SHe-Box
- Prevention of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005
- Dowry Prohibition Act,1961
- The Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Act, 2013
- New Taxi Policy — improving women safety while using public taxis | disabling child-locking systems | driver’s information
Funding Innovative Projects
- Nirbhaya Fund
- Panic Buttons on all mobile phones
- GPS location tracking
- Street lighting, CCTV cameras, improved policing etc
- Prompt forensic capabilities
- RMK
IT for Protection
- Cyber crime and cyber bullying — Central Reporting Mechanism
- Child Pornography, Rape imagery
- Need for increased awareness for public to deal with cyber crime in a better way.
- ‘KhoyaPaya’ portal — protection of children — missing children and reuniting them.
- Information on child-friendly initiatives are even published inside the front cover of NCERT course books for maximum awareness among children.
Rehabilitation of survivors
- Central Victim Compensation Scheme under Nirbhaya Fund | State Govt also contributes
- Acid attack victims — inclusion as a ‘disable’ category in Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016 — reservation and other benefits extended to them
- Child Help Desks in major Railway stations
- Swadhar Greh — relief and rehab to destitute women and women in distress
Rural Women
- Mahila Shakti Kendra Scheme (MSKS) — promote community participation through involvement of Student Volunteers
- Services at the doorstep through student volunteers in 115 most backward districts